FAQ

• Enterprise Installation
  • What steps should I take after installing CFEngine Enterprise?
  • Can I use an existing PostgreSQL installation?
  • What is the system user for the CFEngine dedicated PostgreSQL database?
  • Do I need experience with PostgreSQL?
  • What are the requirements for installing CFEngine Enterprise?
• Enterprise Scalability
  • Is it normal to have many cf-hub processes running?
• Policy Distribution
  • I have added new files in masterfiles but my remote clients are not getting updates.
  • I have updated some non policy files and changes are not distributed to clients.
• Manual Execution
  • How do I run a standalone policy file?
  • How do I run a specific bundle?
  • How do I define a class for a single run?
• Agent Email Reports
  • How do I set the email where agent reports are sent?
  • How do I disable agent email output?
• Policy Writing
  • How do I pass a data type variable?

Enterprise Installation and Configuration

What steps should I take after installing CFEngine Enterprise

There are general steps to be taken outlined in Post-Installation Configuration.

In addition to this, Enterprise 3.6 uses the local mail relay, and it is assumed that the server where CFEngine Enterprise is installed on has proper mail setup.

The default FROM email for all emails sent from the Mission Portal is currently admin@organization.com. This can be changed on the CFEngine Hub in /var/cfengine/httpd/htdocs/application/config/appsettings.php:$config['appemail'].

Can I use an existing PostgreSQL installation

No. Although CFEngine keeps its assumptions about Postgres to a bare minimum, CFEngine should use a dedicated PostgreSQL database instance to ensure there is no conflict with an existing installation.

Do I need experience with PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is highly configurable and you should have some in-house expertise to properly configure your database installation. The defaults are well tuned for common cases but you may find optimizations depending on your hardware and OS.

What is the system user for the CFEngine dedicated PostgreSQL database and Apache server

Starting with CFEngine 3.6 there will be a system user called cfpostgres for running the dedicated CFEngine PostgreSQL database installation.

Similarly there will be a cfapache system user for the Apache web server.

What are the requirements for installing CFEngine Enterprise

General Information

• Pre-Installation Checklist
• Supported Platforms and Versions

Users and Permissions

• CFEngine Enterprise makes an attempt to create the local users cfapache and cfpostgres, as well as group cfapache when installing 3.6. The server must allow creation of these users and groups.

Enterprise Scalability

See: Enterprise Scalability

Is it normal to have many cf-hub processes running

• Yes, it is expected to have ~ 50 cf-hub processes running on your hub

Policy Distribution

I have added new files in masterfiles but my remote clients are not getting updates

Check that the files you expect to be distributed have matching leaf_name pattern. If newly bootstrapped clients get those files but existing clients don't, this is certainly the problem, because bootstrapping and failsafe operation ignore leaf_name and copy everything.

In CFEngine 3.6 masterfiles policy framework this is configurable with input_name_patterns in the update_def bundle in def.cf. See The Policy Framework for more information.

I have updated some non policy files and changes are not distributed to clients

cf_promises_validated gates client updates. This file is only updated on the policy server when new policy is validated. Edits to non policy files do not trigger an update of cf_promises_validated. You can use a separate promise to ensure those files are continually distributed, instead of only on policy updates.

For details see cf_promises_validated and cfe_internal_update_policy

My policy server has changed its IP address and new bootstraps don't work!

(thanks to Dan Langille in https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/help-cfengine/jcdIh12_lNI)

Symptom:

After the policy server was restarted with the new IP address, clients would not connect:

error: Not authorized to trust public key of server '192.168.14.113' (trustkey = false)
error: Authentication dialogue with '192.168.14.113' failed

Bootstrapping the clients also fails:

[root@dev /var/cfengine] /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --bootstrap  192.168.14.113
2014-06-23T13:57:07-0400   notice: R: This autonomous node assumes the role of voluntary client
2014-06-23T13:57:07-0400   notice: R: Failed to copy policy from policy server at 192.168.14.113:/var/cfengine/masterfiles
       Please check
       * cf-serverd is running on 192.168.14.113
       * network connectivity to 192.168.14.113 on port 5308
       * masterfiles 'body server control' - in particular allowconnects, trustkeysfrom and skipverify
       * masterfiles 'bundle server' -> access: -> masterfiles -> admit/deny
       It is often useful to restart cf-serverd in verbose mode (cf-serverd -v) on 192.168.14.113 to diagnose connection issues.
       When updating masterfiles, wait (usually 5 minutes) for files to propagate to inputs on 192.168.14.113 before retrying.
2014-06-23T13:57:07-0400   notice: R: Did not start the scheduler
2014-06-23T13:57:07-0400    error: Bootstrapping failed, no input file at '/var/cfengine/inputs/promises.cf' after bootstrap

Solution:

Assuming that 661df12c960af9afdde093e0cb339b4d is the MD5 hostkey and 192.168.14.113 is the new IP address:

cd /var/cfengine/ppkeys && mv -i root-MD5=661df12c960af9afdde093e0cb339b4d.pub root-192.168.14.113.pub

Manual Execution

How do I run a standalone policy file

The --file or -f option to cf-agent specifys the policy file. The -K or --no-lock flag and the -I or --inform options are commonly used in combination with the -f option to ensure that all promises are skipped because of locking and for the agent to produce informational output like successful repairs.

cf-agent -KIf ./my_standalone_policy.cf

In 3.6.1 and later, a standalone policy file may choose not to specify a bundlesequence. In that case, the bundlesequence defaults to main so you'll need a bundle called main.

You can avoid that requirement by using the -b BUNDLENAME flag which specifies an explicit bundlesequence, see below.

Why do I get Undefined body when I try to run my policy

cf-promises -f ./large-files.cf: ./large-files.cf:14:0: error: Undefined body tidy with type delete ./large-files.cf:16:0: error: Undefined body recurse with type depth_search

The above errors indicate that the tidy and recurse bodies are not able to be found by CFEngine. This is because they are not found in the file or in one of the files it includes. Either define the body within the same policy file or include the file that defines the body using inputs in either body common control or body file control.

Example: Add stdlib via body common control

body common control
{
        bundlesequence => { "file_remover" };
        inputs => { "$(sys.libdir)/stdlib.cf" };
}

Example: Add stdlib via body file control Body file control allows you to build modular policy. Body file control inputs are typically relative to the policy file itself.

bundle file_remover_control
{
  vars:
    "inputs" slist => { "$(this.promise_dir)/$(sys.local_libdir)/stdlib.cf" };
}
body file control
{
  inputs => { @(file_remover_control.inputs) };
}

This policy will work correctly whether it's included by another policy file or not. Note the body file control option is new since CFEngine 3.6, so you should not use if your policy could be seen by 3.5 or earlier CFEngine clients.

How do I run a specific bundle

A specific bundle can be activated by passing the -b or --bundlesequence options to cf-agent. This may be used to activate a specific bundle within a large policy set or to run a standalone policy that does not include a body common control.

cf-agent -b my_bundle

If you want to activate multiple bundles in a sequence simply separate them with commas (no spaces between).

cf-agent --bundlesequence bundle1,bundle2

How do I define a class for a single run

You can use the --define or -D options of cf-agent.

cf-agent -D my_class

And if you want to define multiple, simply separate them with commas (no spaces between).

cf-agent --define my_class,my_other_class

Multiple -D flags are not supported, you have to put all the classes in one comma-separated list.

Showing Classes and variables with cf-promsies

cf-promises --show-classes and cf-promises --show-vars will only show classes and variables found on a first pass through the policy, since cf-promises does not evaluate agent promises.

Agent Email Reports

How do I set the email where agent reports are sent

The agent report email functionality is configured in body executor control https://github.com/cfengine/masterfiles/blob/master/controls/cf_execd.cf. It defaults to root@$(def.domain) which is configured in bundle common def https://github.com/cfengine/masterfiles/blob/master/def.cf.

For details see domain.

How do I disable agent email output

You can simply remove or comment out the settings.

In 3.6.x there is a convenience class cfengine_internal_agent_email avaiable in bundle common def to switch on/off agent email.

For details see cfengine_internal_agent_email.

Mustache Templating

How can I pass a data variable to template_data?

Currently you cannot pass a data variable directly to template_data, instead you must use one of the data-producing functions for example mergedata(), readjson(), or parsejson(). Please see the Functions by Return Type table for a list of all data-producing functions.

Note you can use mergedata() directly on a single data container, e.g. template_data => mergedata(mycontainer) to satisfy the syntactic quirk above.

Can I render a Mustache template into a string?

Not directly, you could render a file and read that into a string, but you would need to be cautious of CF_BUFSIZE.

How do I render a section only if a given class is defined?

In this Mustache example the word 'Enterprise' will only be rendered if the class 'enterprise' is defined.

This template should not be passed a data container; it uses the datastate() of the CFEngine system. That's where classes.enterprise and vars.sys.cf_version came from.

Version: CFEngine Enterprise 

How do I iterate over a list?

This template should not be passed a data container; it uses the datastate() of the CFEngine system. That's where vars.mon.listening_tcp4_ports came from.

{{#vars.mon.listening_tcp4_ports}}
  * {{.}}
{{/vars.mon.listening_tcp4_ports}}

How do I ensure that a local user is locked?

To ensure that a local user exists but is locked (for example a service account) simply specify policy => "locked".

bundle agent service_accounts
{
  vars:
      "users" slist => { "apache", "libuuid" };

  users:
    !windows::
      "$(users)"
        policy => "locked";
}

Policy Writing

Common questions asked about policy writing.

How do I pass a data type variable

Data type variables also known as "data containers" are passed using the same syntax as passing a list.

bundle agent example
{
  vars:
    # First you must have a data type variable, define it inline or read from a
    # file using `readjson()`.
    "data" data => parsejson('[ { "x": 1 }, { "y": 2 } ]');

  methods:
    "use data"
      usebundle => use_data(@(data));
}

bundle agent use_data(dc)
{
  vars:
    # Use the data
    # Get its keys, or its index
    "dc_index" slist => getindices(dc);

  classes:
    "have_x" expression => isvariable("dc[$(dc_index)][x]");
    "have_z" expression => isvariable("dc[$(dc_index)][z]");

  reports:
    "CFEngine version '$(sys.cf_version)'";
    have_x::
      "Index '$(dc_index)' has key for x";

    have_z::
      "Index '$(dc_index)' has key for z";
}

$ cf-agent -Kf ./example.cf -b example
R: CFEngine version '3.6.4'
R: Index '0' has key for x
R: Index '1' has key for x